Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Daun Andrographis paniculata Ness. pada Kultur Limfosit T Pasien Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Abstract

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease with varied clinical manifestations. SLE prevalence in Indonesia is being dominated with female, especially in their productive age. Certain etiology of SLE is still unknown until now, but genetic factors and immune system are being estimated as the primary factors. The first line therapy of SLE is cyclophosphamide. Unfortunately if being consumed more than six months, cyclophosphamide has several side effects, like bone marrow depression, infections, alopecia, hemorrhagic cystitis, and infertility. Because of that side effects, herbal medicine is being developed nowday. One of them is Andrographis paniculata Ness. leaf. The aim of this study was quantitative cytotoxic test for Andrographis paniculata Ness. leaf on T lymphocyte culture of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Methods: This study was anexperimental study. Subjects in this study were patients with SLE who appropriated SLEs criterias and normal people without allergy and autoimmune diseasess history. This study was done by doing T lymphocyte culture from intravenouss blood sample and observing cells absorbance with ELISA reader. Collected data were used for determining live cells percentage (IC₅₀) and analyzed with Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 11.00 for Windows. Mean resistance data was tested by linear regression test.

Results:The result showed that IC₅₀ dose of Andrographis paniculata Ness. leaf extract treatment on SLE samples was smaller than the normal people. In Andrographis paniculata Ness. leafs extract treatment, IC₅₀ in SLE = 0.00074 and in normal people = 0.19584.

Conclusion: Andrographis paniculata Ness.leaf extract had stronger cytotoxic effect on T lymphocyte culture of patients with SLE than the normal people.

Keywords: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Andrographis paniculata Ness. leaf extract, T lymphocytes, IC₅₀